Validrive Size Limit?

  • DNS Benchmark v2 Release 5 with Consultant License
    Guest:
    If you own any earlier release of our DNS Benchmark you may immediately download its release #5 replacement. Running an earlier release will detect the new release and help you upgrade.

    Although this release is cosmetic, appearance matters and affects ease of use. The biggest change, as seen in the image above, is that the DNS Benchmark now has a traditional Windows application menu to more fully expose its many features. This release is also "Consultant License Aware" and GRC will now issue a Consultant version when owners have previously purchased four "Personal Use" licenses. If you have previously purchased four DNSB licenses, or if you wish to upgrade your "Personal Use" license to Consultant, GRC's purchase process will direct you through that process.
    /Steve.
  • Be sure to checkout “Tips & Tricks”
    Dear Guest Visitor → Once you register and log-in please checkout the “Tips & Tricks” page for some very handy tips!

    /Steve.
  • BootAble – FreeDOS boot testing freeware

    To obtain direct, low-level access to a system's mass storage drives, SpinRite runs under a GRC-customized version of FreeDOS which has been modified to add compatibility with all file systems. In order to run SpinRite it must first be possible to boot FreeDOS.

    GRC's “BootAble” freeware allows anyone to easily create BIOS-bootable media in order to workout and confirm the details of getting a machine to boot FreeDOS through a BIOS. Once the means of doing that has been determined, the media created by SpinRite can be booted and run in the same way.

    The participants here, who have taken the time to share their knowledge and experience, their successes and some frustrations with booting their computers into FreeDOS, have created a valuable knowledgebase which will benefit everyone who follows.

    You may click on the image to the right to obtain your own copy of BootAble. Then use the knowledge and experience documented here to boot your computer(s) into FreeDOS. And please do not hesitate to ask questions – nowhere else can better answers be found.

    (You may permanently close this reminder with the 'X' in the upper right.)

Digidoc

New member
Mar 29, 2026
3
0
Hello. It seems the fake drives are still around us. It seems Validrive (1.0.1) perhaps has a size limit? A 4tb HDD drive from Temu arrived today. Validrive attempts to start but gets a failure "ValiDrive failed to take the drive online". I have another drive which is supposed to be a 2tb; Validrive correctly works on it and reports the actual size is 54.4gb. Once I determine the useable space, I use DiskGenius and define a partition just a little smaller than this number (for a 54.4gb, I can safely use 54gb). You can leave the remainder of the fake space as unallocated.

Could this failure be due to the 4tb drive size? (it works on the 2tb but not on the 4tb drive.
 
@Digidoc More info is needed. I presume the 4 TB drive a USB Drive? How is it formatted? Make? Model?

ValiDrive uses Windows native USB drivers to access USB drives. Hence ValiDrive does not have a drive capacity limit.
 
Hence ValiDrive does not have a drive capacity limit.
Hence ValiDrive does not have a drive capacity limit that Windows itself wouldn't have.

I don't know if Windows has some internal limit where it makes a categorization about removable versus non-removable devices. Assuming the 4TB claims to Windows to be a removable USB device, it should theoretically come online when ValiDrive expects it to. If, however, it's not flash based or for some other reason is indicated as a HDD and not a removable device, this would probably cause this kind of difficulty.
 
For more info.
Yes, in a standard USB external drive enclosure. Formatted as exFAT, unknown generic drive reporting only as 4tb.
 
"... not a USB removable thumb drive, then? ... it's not the target
market of ValiDrive and it [ "it" = ValiDrive ? ] won't work because
it [ "it" = HDD in a USB adapter ]'s not tagged/marked as removable ..."

I've used ValiDrive on 20TB drives in USB adapters ( of course, I have ),
no problem.

I use ValiDrive on all USB storage devices, including Kindles - to learn
the device, and to learn the ValiDrive tool.

- - - - -

"... determine the useable space ... define a partition just a little
smaller than this number ... leave the remainder of the fake space
as unallocated ..."

No, a fake drive is most probably not 'safe' to use on the
found-good-ish reduced size, because the controller is compromised
from the industry standard and will probably behave unpredictably
with some drivers oand or software.

But you tell us how it returns data on demand whenever, in the same
situations that we expect a non-fake drive to.

Test, test, test again by every means.

Of course, we should do that for all storage before we trust it, and
before we trust any test, right?

No analogy is perfect, but imagine someone sold us a 100
mph-rated tire that proves to be a donut spare rated at 50 mph max.

Ever drive a donut spare?
 
Last edited:
I've used ValiDrive on 20TB drives in USB adapters ( of course, I have ),
no problem.
Agreed, I have used ValiDrive to test many drives: flash, HDD, m.2. As long as it is connected to USB, I have always been able to test them. This one is almost certainly fake. The engineer inside me always wants to uncover the trickery on how they take a TF card, fake it with software, and glue in an aluminum plate so it appears heavy. All this to earn perhaps an extra $20? Why not do honest work instead of being so dishonest?
 
I've used ValiDrive on 20TB drives in USB adapters ( of course, I have ),
no problem.
Actually that's a problem for efficiency, because it's marked as removable, and that has fairly significant impacts into how Windows caches against it and how often it flushes (you're not getting much, if any buffering because it is trying to always have all data flushed ASAP to prevent corruption from an unannounced removal.)
 
ValiDrive does the exact same thing, data-wise, to all USB storage that
it tests regardless of their size.

ValiDrive reads and writes ~8 KB per 576 locations, ( the graph is 36 x
16 blocks ) = 4,608 KB storage tested, +/- whatever ValiDrive's pre-test
'figures' it needs to overrun the drive's cache.

ValiDrive's routine is to
  1. read a block of original data,
  2. write a test pattern to that block,
  3. re-read and compare the test,
  4. re-write the original data,
  5. and then re-read and compare the original data
... ( a mini-SpinRide 6.1 Level 5 without DynaStat or repairs ).

For each of 576 blocks.

Even with those 5 data transfers, that's still only ~23,040 KB or 22.5 MB
data transfer
.

That's one reason ValiDrive is so fast compared to tests that read and
write to every sector.

Even with their simpler one write and one read per cluster, those other
fake-drive tests still take way longer than ValiDrive.

- - - - -

So, what is the smallest USB storage device that ValiDrive can / will
test?

Would ValiDrive test a one-sector, one cluster 512 byte drive?

Bytes per
sector
Sectors per
cluster
Cluster
size
Number
of clusters
Drive size
in bytes
KBMB
51215121512 bytes0.5 KB0.000488 MB
5121512576294,912 bytes288 KB0.281250 MB
51242,04812,048 bytes2 KB0.001953 MB
51242,0485761,179,648 bytes1,152 KB1.125 MB
51284,09614,096 bytes4 KB0.003906 MB
51284,0965762,359,296 bytes2,304 KB2.25 MB
51284,0961,152
( 2 clusters needed
to get 8 KB for each
of 576 test locations )
4,718,592 bytes4,608 KB4.5 MB

I do not know if Validrvive would test a drive with fewer than 576
'pieces' and just test one or more of those pieces over and over,
meaning, ValiDrive might be able to test an 8 KB drive, just by
testing that one 8 KB 'block' 576 times.

A tiny drive with a 512-byte sector size and a 1 sector per cluster
would probably require 576 discrete addresses for Validrive to work,
where 512 bytes per cluster x 576 = 29,4912 bytes = 288 KB drive -
quite small, who'd waste their time faking one?

Most modern and worthy-of-being-faked drives would present a
typical 4KB cluster of 4,096 bytes, x 576 minimum size blocks for
Validrive = 2,359,296 bytes = 2,403 KB or a 2.25 MB drive - still a
small drive that presumably no one would offer as a fake.

If ValiDrive expects 576 blocks to be available, and expects to
transfer 8 KB ( 8,192 bytes ) per block, that's a drive size of a
minimum of 4,718,592 bytes or 4,608 KB or 4.5 MB drive - again, way
too small to expect folks to be faking them.

So what's the smallest USB drive anyone has to test, and let us know?

Maybe such information would reveal too much proprietary design
information about ValiDrive, empowering fakists to add
fool-the-ValiDrive programming, so we'll never 'know' or be told, we
can only discover by heuristically testing every tiny drive we can find.

Who can verify and confirm the smallest drive limit for ValiDrive 1?
@Steve ?
 
Last edited:
"... The engineer inside me always wants to uncover the trickery on
how they take a TF card, fake it with software, and glue in an
aluminum plate so it appears heavy. All this to earn perhaps an
extra $20? Why not do honest work instead of being so dishonest? ..."

The engineer sells the fake controller program along with a barrel of
rejected chips, which is a little work for some money, instead of
destroying the rejects, which is a lot of work for no money.

Maybe doing it themselves, good stuff out the factory front door, bad
stuff out that same factory's back door - hey, no waste!

The purchaser packages them and markets them; they're not techies.

The vendors on Amazon come and go, and Amazon has told me I get
a refund, but I can keep the chip, presumably because it's not worth it
to Amazon to take it back, and they have no vendor to return it for
credit or replacement.

The vendors on Amazon buy retired Amazon product pages that have
good reviews and replace the old vanished product with their new fake
drive.

They look like they got a good review, but reading into the details, we
see the good reviews are for a prior unrelated product.

The sellers may even use their own pages when they run out of their
own good stuff as a platform to continue selling their bad stuff, hoping
the bad stuff will stay sold.

Many folks may never realize their USB drive is fake, either because
they never use it, or never use it beyond the 'good' portion, or they
never check their data to see if it's all there - who checks and
compares backups anymore?

- - - - -

Presumably, @Steve Gibson will be scouring new fake drive trickery
during the development of ValiDrive 2, so if we keep whatever crap
fakery we find, we can help test and make sure ValiDrive 2 is as
good as can be.

However, if a drive can't be recognized by any means, it's probably
broken, but it may be that the solder was incomplete, and the ( fake )
parts are there. just not fully connected.

Are we good with micro resoldering?

https://www.google.com/search?q=how+can+we+micro+solder+a+loose+part+on+a+circuit+board?